Freelance Web Design & Development

5. Peace - Gene Wolfe

6. Don’t Make Me Think - Steve Krug

7. Midnight Robber - Nalo Hopkinson

8. The Left Hand of Darkness - Ursula K. LeGuin

9. Generosity - Richard Powers

10. The Woman Behind the New Deal: The Life of Frances Perkins, FDR’S Secretary of Labor and His Moral Conscience - Kirstin Downey

11. Where the Girls Are - Susan Douglas

End of 2009 Books

Backlash - Susan Faludi - This book was amazing. Well written, well researched, and terrifying. Faludi convincingly argues that not only did the 1980s show a cultural backlash against the progress made in womens’ rights in the 1970s, but that the same pattern has been visible historically every time women have made social progress.

Seed to Harvest - Octavia Butler - actually 4 books (Wild Seed, Mind of My Mind, Clay’s Ark, Patternmaster)

Oryx and Crake - Margaret Atwood

Witness to Roswell - Thomas Carey/Donald Schmitt - for book club. This book argues that extraterrestrials really landed at Roswell, New Mexico in 1947. While I wasn’t fully convinced that that’s the case, the book did put up a pretty compelling argument that something really weird happened there, and was covered up by the military.

A Tour of the Calculus - David Berlinski - kind of like if Tom Robbins were teaching Math 152

The Atrocity Archive - Charles Stross - This book had me at “Turing-Lovecraft Thesis”. A neat science fiction book seamlessly integrating otherworldly horrors with the day-to-day responsibilities of a government sysadmin.

2010 Books

1. Concrete Jungle - Charles Stross - the sequel to Atrocity Archive. A shorter, lighter book but still a good time.

2. The Tao is Silent - Raymond Smullyan

3. VALIS - Philip K. Dick - this book is intense! Even crazier than your average Dick book.^* Dick’s main character in this book may or may not be a hallucination of the narrator (Dick himself), who may or may not be schizophrenic, having had a mystical experience (identical to one Dick himself actually had) that either is a hallucination that means he’s crazy or an insight into the nature of the universe.

4. Fortress of Solitude - Jonathan Lethem

*tee hee^**

**I am 12.

After years of making social networking sites for other people, I’ve finally launched one of my own! Stemming.org is a networking/community site and collaborative blog for girls and women interested in the STEM fields (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics). I’m super excited about this — I think it has a lot of potential to support and connect women and girls who are often minorities in their fields or discouraged in their interests.

So far, I’ve done all the design and development (in Rails) for the site — it’s been cool to be my own client and get a chance to explore some technical things I might not otherwise have learned. (And being my own client gives me added appreciation for my clients’ perspective when we’re working on other projects like this!)

Stemming welcomes blog posts from anyone who has something to say that would be of interest to women and girls in STEM; I’d also love for people to share the link and send me their suggestions/improvements!

What I’ve been reading this summer:

• Search Engine Optimization: An Hour a Day – Jennifer Grappone and Gradiva Couzin: One of the main takeaways from both this book and my own experience is that it helps your search ranking a lot to have a lot of indexable pages with different titles and content — like a blog! In fact, many of the visitors to this site come through the blog first, since there’s a lot of interesting content there for searchers to find. Other than that, the book mostly covered the technical basics that I already knew — page titles, h1 tags, etc. — but it’s nice to be reassured that I’m not missing something crucial.
• Shop Class as Soulcraft – Matthew B. Crawford: For book club. This is basically a polemic about how the author finds his work repairing motorcycles more satisfying than the white-collar jobs he’s tried, and he thinks everyone should consider the value of manual labor. Even though I agreed with some of its points, I found this book very frustrating, mostly because I thought it was intellectually dishonest and lazy. The author rails about the pointlessness of academia, yet is trying to write an academic treatise; it seems like he gets around this hypocrisy by not doing a very good job of organizing his argument and applying academic rigor, as though writing a sloppy philosophical book is his rebellion against the problematic institution of philosophy. He critiques all white-collar jobs based on a soul-sucking cubicle drone experience; and while such jobs certainly exist and aren’t beneficial to anyone, Crawford doesn’t put in the thought to consider whether this problem applies to all white-collar jobs, a particular type of them, or just some small random subsection. While this book’s assertion that manual labor and vocational education are undervalued in our society is well worth exploring, I don’t think Crawford does a very good job writing about it.
• Herland – Charlotte Perkins Gilman: My partner Jesse is a teaching assistant for a course in Science Fiction this fall, so I decided to read along with some of those books; this one we read aloud in the car during a summer roadtrip. It’s an early feminist utopia (written in 1915!) about a remote land that’s been populated only by women for the last 2000 years (they reproduce through parthenogenesis). The writing style is engaging, and I was impressed by the sophistication of feminist ideas Perkins Gilman had almost a century ago (though also somewhat depressed by how little has changed in society in some respects, sigh). One of my main critiques would be that she doesn’t distinguish the characteristics of her general social utopia (progressive education, communal child-rearing, no war or conflict ever) from those that she thinks would naturally follow from a land of women specifically — we don’t get much of a sense of how a similarly isolated and progressive-minded “Hisland” would be different. But her points about many of the supposed “defects” of women actually resulting from their societal disadvantages and oppression are spot-on. Overall a fun and thought-provoking read (and not too long).
• The Second Sex – Simone De Beauvoir: Early feminist theory; De Beauvoir is one of the first thinkers to systematically analyze the “othering” of women in society (the default person is male, and woman is just a counterpart to him, defined by her relation to him while he has his own status). 700+ page monstrosity, so this was my major reading accomplishment for the summer (OK, so I like really abstract beach reading). De Beauvoir tries to say basically everything there is to say about women — and comes pretty close, with sections/chapters like “The Data of Biology” (she starts with insects and works up), several historical chapters, “Myths: Dreams, Fears, Idols”, “The Young Girl”, “The Lesbian”, “The Married Woman”, “The Mother”, “Prostitutes and Hetairas”, “The Woman in Love”, “The Independent Woman” — and I am only naming a few. While it’s sort of more like a huge infodump than one argument running throughout the book, each chapter is jam-packed with interesting thoughts and analysis.
• Ubik — Philip K. Dick: Another book from the science fiction course. I thought it would take longer to read, but I got engaged in the story and blew through it in a day — oops! I don’t want to give spoilers, but this is a fun, creepy, trippy thriller/mystery/dystopian fantasy. Recommended for spending an afternoon creeping yourself out for the fun of it.

Books! Kind of like websites, but you can take them outside and sometimes they have complex ideas in them.

What I’ve been reading:

• Metamagical Themas - Douglas Hofstadter:
  Hofstadter is one of my all-time favorite authors — I love his broad range of interests, smart analysis, and clever writing. This book is a collection of his Scientific American columns from the early ’80s; thought-provoking and fun (even if his strong concern about the possibility of nuclear war doesn’t seem as urgent today as it must have then).
• All The King’s Men - Robert Penn Warren:
  This classic is a dense political novel; I read it after Jesse taught it for a course on Southern Literature and Culture this spring. Fantastic prose, intricate structure and plotting, complex ideas conveyed through fiction - highly recommended!
• The Feminine Mystique - Betty Friedan:
  A classic, obviously. Friedan’s analysis is straightforward and chilling; despite the amount of time that has passed, the concepts ring true; although it isn’t as strong as it was a few decades ago, the feminine mystique of relegating woman’s function to the sexual still exists.
  She more or less leaves out queer women, women of color, and lower-class women, but even with these problems, the ideas are still valuable. (This book was also fun to read while watching through the first season of Mad Men; the character of Betty is obviously based on Friedan’s examples.)
  I’m in the middle of The Second Sex right now and both books share a key takeaway for me: it’s impossible to fully develop yourself without a role in the world that involves meaningful interaction with other members of society, something that’s been denied to women in a lot of times and places. Finishing up The Feminine Mystique actually helped inspire me for another project that’s in the works — stay tuned!!
• The Drunkard’s Walk - Leonard Mlodinow:
  Read this one for the book club, and it was a lot more interesting than I expected it to be. Mlodinow gives clear explanations of key ideas in randomness and probability along with straightforward examples of their application and engaging anecdotes about the mathematicians who discovered them.

The books I’ve been reading this year, and some thoughts on them:

• America’s Women – Gail Collins: I love Collins’s columns in the New York Times and hoped this book would have a similar mix of historical detail with genuinely entertaining writing, and I was not disappointed. This is a great take on American history focused on women’s roles. Collins does a great job of weaving stories about particularly noteworthy and accomplished women with painstaking research on daily life and the experiences of average women at different periods of history. Highly recommended!
• The Principles of Beautiful Web Design – Jason Beaird: A good overview of some of the basic aspects of design for the web. The most useful part of this book for me was Beaird’s explanations of the importance of texture and detailed tutorials and examples of how to use appropriate texture on a site – they definitely helped me add depth to my designs.
• Blink – Malcolm Gladwell: I bought this in an airport bookstore and blew through it on the plane. It’s a quick, fun read about the ways in which humans make decisions unconsciously (and often rationalize them later!).
• The Stone Raft – Jose Saramago: Some friends started a book club, and this was the first selection. It was pretty fun to read, if a little slow — a story of magical realism that became a lot more interesting when we looked up its geopolitical context (Portugal in the 1980s) and were able to put together some of the themes with the social and political state of the setting.
• The Crying of Lot 49 – Thomas Pynchon: I’d already read this book more than once (it’s one of my all-time favorites), but I re-read it after I chose it for the book club’s second meeting.
• The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao – Junot Diaz: Another book club selection! I’d heard a lot of praise for this book, and it did not disappoint; it’s a dizzying pastiche of Dominican history, science-fiction and comic book references, mythology, Spanish slang, and compelling characters woven into an intriguing story. Highly recommended!
• A History of U.S. Feminisms – Rory Dicker: With a chapter for each of the three “waves”, this book is a straightforward summary of feminism’s ideas, conflicts, and accomplishments over the past century and a half. I’m still looking for something more theoretical/practical and less historical to recommend as a feminism primer, but for now, this is the best book I’ve found for the general newcomer to feminism.
• Feminism Is For Everybody – bell hooks: This book is really intelligent. hooks clearly explains what she believes should be the core tenets of feminism, and lays out a proposal for a new version of feminism that won’t have the heterosexist and white-centered connotations sometimes associated with the second wave, but instead will be inclusive and useful to all people. Possibly a little dense for people new to feminist thought, but highly recommended.
• Full Frontal Feminism - Jessica Valenti: By the founder of the excellent blog feministing.com. The subtitle is “A Young Woman’s Guide to Why Feminism Matters”, and that’s exactly what it is. I was hoping for a more seriously written introduction for a broader audience; Valenti’s slangy tone put me off a little (I could tell she was trying to be deliberately casual, but it made it seem like she wasn’t forming her thoughts carefully — even though she was). However, this would be a good introduction for the “I’m POST-feminist!” high-school/college crowd. I’ve also heard that Valenti’s later books (He’s a Stud, She’s a Slut and The Purity Myth) are less slangy and more in-depth, so I’ll probably try to pick them up.
• Better - Atul Gawande: Another book club selection. This was interesting to read since I knew almost nothing about the medical system. Gawande mixes personal anecdotes about his experiences as a surgeon with analysis on why things go wrong and what doctors can do to make improvements. A fast read that raises some interesting issues.

I upgraded to the new Ubuntu, Jaunty Jackalope, on the day it came out. “At last!” I thought. “Time to solve the problems I created for myself by upgrading to a non-Long-Term-Support release last fall!” Dreaming of a world in which pulseaudio didn’t randomly need to be restarted every few hours, I started the upgrade running… only to load Firefox and discover an even worse fate — no sound in anything Flash-based! No Pandora!! PANIC TIME!!!

Anyway, it turned out to be super easy to fix. Just go to Adobe’s website and download the .deb of the latest Flash, then install, restart Firefox, good to go. Now I can get my Sarah Haskins¹ fix complete with sound!

I got into a discussion on Trogger this morning about the question of men far outnumbering women in computer science (in my experience, this is very true — in my college CS classes of 20-25 people I would usually be one of 2 women, and of the 20 or so people my year who actually graduated with CS degrees, I was the only woman); why is this, and what can be done about it?

I think a lot of this has to do with unconscious bias and role models. As Cassie pointed out in her original post, a big factor is probably stereotype threat — the finding that members of particular groups stereotyped at being bad at certain subjects actually do worse in tests of those subjects if they are told the tests show a gender/race disparity, or even just asked to list their race or gender, than if they take the tests without race or gender brought up. Research like the Implicit Association Test suggests that most people, even female scientists and mathematicians themselves, unconsciously find it easier to associate math and science with men than with women.

Implicit biases in a person aren’t evidence that the person is actively discriminatory — they’re subconscious ideas that we get from the racist, patriarchal society all of us are raised in. No matter how consciously convinced you are that women make great scientists and technologists, you probably also have the subconscious implicit biases that suggest otherwise. So it’s not so much a question of women thinking, “Hey, I probably won’t be good at programming because I’m a woman!”, as thinking, “Oh, I just don’t see myself as a programmer”, without realizing that this idea might come from subconsciously ingrained biases about what a programmer is like (male).

But these biases can be fought! Research associated with the IAT has shown that people show less evidence of implicit biases when holding counter-stereotypes in their minds; for example, you’re more likely to associate women with science if you read about Rosalind Franklin or Marie Curie right before taking the test. This is what Ada Lovelace Day is all about — promoting the women who are already successful in scientific and technical fields is a win for everybody. The more visible women in science and technology are, the less prevalent these implicit biases will be in the future, and the more girls and young women will be motivated to enter these fields.

It’s easier for women to feel motivated to pursue traditionally male-dominated interests if they can see other women working in those fields; but yet, women’s contributions to technical fields are often invisible. So Suw Charman-Anderson started Ada Lovelace Day to bring these women out of the shadows by encouraging as many people as possible to blog about women in technology on the same day.

March 24? Why, that’s today! Here are some of my computing heroines:

• Ada Lovelace herself, of course! She’s now thought of as the first computer programmer — she was friends with Charles Babbage and wrote a set of instructions for calculating on his Analytical Engine that’s thought of as the first program (although the engine was never built, so she would never get to test her code).
• Grace Murray Hopper was a freakin’ badass. She was a Navy admiral who pioneered the idea that computer programming languages should be similar to English (helping make possible COBOL’s leap away from assembly language to a new level of abstraction, which made programming a lot easier!). She was also one of the first people to develop and promote standards for computer languages and systems.
• Maria Webster is the author of the blog dotfiveone: Geekspace for Women, which covers everything from science fiction to hands-on electronic circuit building. By providing a space on the internet targeted toward women who are already quite geeky, thanks very much, Ms. Webster definitely helps to fill a niche that’s too often neglected.
• Valerie Aurora (formerly known as Val Henson) is a kernel hacker, filesystem geek, and Linux developer who also wrote this great HOWTO Encourage Women in Linux.
• Cathy Malmrose overcame childhood discouragement of her technical interests to found and run ZaReason, one of the few hardware vendors to sell systems with Linux preinstalled. Ms. Malmrose also makes a point of sharing information about open-source software in an open, friendly way to people in her community; as a t-shirt on her site says, “Friends help friends use Linux”!
• Everyone involved in LinuxChix, a great support/information-sharing organization whose motto is “Be polite, be helpful.” Words to live by!
• Gina Levow is an AI/computational linguistics researcher who was also one of my computer science professors in college; she gave me my first technical jobs, first as her research assistant (which is where I first learned UNIX-y command line magic) and then as a grader for an introductory CS class.
• Anne Rogers was another one of my CS professors; her Operating Systems (and Computer Architecture) classes were an intense boot camp for learning the inner workings of computers, and after taking them, I knew I was compelled to pursue even more technical knowledge.

Yikes, that list ended up way longer than I planned (I kept thinking of more awesome ladies to add)! I’d also recommend searching for more Ada Lovelace Day posts — I really enjoyed seeing other bloggers’ profiles of accomplished technical women.

The NYT has a fairly unfavorable review of the Sex and the City movie; while I haven’t seen the movie, have no desire to do so, and am sure several of the criticisms are valid, part of the review rubbed me the wrong way:

Unlike the show, which allowed the men to emerge occasionally from the sidelines with lines of actual dialogue, the male characters in the movie stand idly by, either smiling or stripping, reduced to playing sock puppets in a Punch-free Judy and Judy (times two) show. I’m all for the female gaze, but, gee, it’s also nice to talk — and listen — to men, too.

Uh, right. Men don’t have enough screen time?

Not according to another NYT article by the same author (!), xkcd, Jezebel, or indeed, anyone with half a brain who watches blockbuster movies (or even their advertisements). It’s nice to talk and listen to men in movies, sure, but you have every other movie coming out this summer for plenty of that.